2025/2026 first term examination on human biology for SS1

Welcome to your 2025/2026 first term examination on human biology for SS1

1. What is genetic engineering

2. Which of the following is not a common application of genetic engineering

3. What is the first step in genetic engineering?

4. Which technology is commonly used to introduce foreign genes into the DNA of an organism?

5. The process by which an organism is produced from a single of the donor organism is called ____

6. Which technology is commonly used to introduce foreign genes into the DNA of an organism

7. What is the term for the process of creating genetically Identical copies of an organism through asexual reproduction

8. What is the primary goal of gene therapy in genetic engineering

9. Which of the following is an example of a genetically modified animal used in medical research

10. Which technology is commonly used to amplify specific genes for further analysis in genetic engineering

11. Conversion of messages carried by mRNA into amino acid sequence is called ___

12. The following set of RNA is required in the translation process except _____

13. Which of the following is the most common type of mutation

14. A point mutation that changes a codon but does not alter the amino acid sequence is known as what

15. Which type of mutation leads to premature termination of protein synthesis

16. What is the effect of missense mutation

17. Which of the following mechanisms can repair mutation in DNA

18. What is the control center of the cell that contains the genetic material

19. Which organelle is responsible for energy production in the cell

20. What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum

Subjective Questions

1. The process by which cells breakdown glucose and produce ATP is called _____

2. PCR stands for ____

3. mRNA stands for ___

4. tRNA stands for

5. rRNA stands for ____

6. DNA stands for ____

7. RNA stands for _____

8. The direct manipulation of an organism's gene using biotechnology is called ____

9. CRIDPR stands for ____

10. Plasmid can be defined as -----------

Theory; Answer question number one composorily and any other two of your choice

1a. Draw and label the diagram of animal cell 1b. State five functions of the labeled parts 1c. Describe the cell structure

2a. Enumerate five key concepts of genetic engineering 2b. Explain the techniques of genetic engineering 2c. Describe the CRIDPR/Cas9 gene editing

3a. What is mutation 3b. Write on the following Point mutation Missense mutation Nonsense mutation Frame shift mutation

4a. Define the term protein synthesis 4b. List and explain two stages of protein synthesis 4c. Differentiate between gene cloning and plasmid

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